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Archival description
Simon Fraser University Special Collections and Rare Books Doukhobor collection Series
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Committees and associations

This series consists of records created by various Doukhobor organization including: Kootenay Committee on Intergroup Relations, Association of Canadians of Russian Descent, Joint Doukhobor Research Committee, National Doukhobor Heritage Village, Kootenay and Boundary Citizen Committee on Doukhobor-Canadian Affairs, BC Unity Group, Doukhobor Society of Canada, Doukhobor Youth National Executive Council, and Saskatoon Society of Doukhobor. The records include correspondence, meetings minutes, administrative records, financial records, festival records, and photographs, etc. Many records in the series relate to reconciliation attempts between various Doukhobor factions as well as the organization of cultural celebratory events. Records are in English and Russian.

This series has 4 sub-series: Sub-series 1: KCIR; sub-series 2: ACRD; sub-series 3: Joint Doukhobor Research Committee; sub-series 4: Various organizations.

Symposiums and festivals

This series consists of records relating to the Doukhobor organized events including: intergroup symposium, centennial celebration of Doukhobor arrival in Canada and cultural festival. The records include: correspondence, promotional materials, open letters and messages, programs, and clippings.

Texts of songs and sound recordings

This series consists of records relating to the Doukhobor music and poetry including texts of songs, pslams and poems, as well as sound recordings of the Doukhobor choirs performances. This series also includes sound recordings containing Russian stories and poetry.
Most of the material is in Russian.
The series is divided into two sub-series: 1: Songs, lyrics, poems; 2: Sound recordings.

Circular letters

This series consists of circular letters to be read at an assembled meetings. The bulk of the letters dates between 1908-1912. Often they consist of direction from CCUB, such as livestock to sell, when to clear the fields, or when to come to a meeting. The letters also deal with the logistics of the move to British Columbia. Most of the letters were issued on the Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood (CCUB) letterhead or on the Office of the Peter V. Verigin letterhead. Most letters are signed by P.V. Verigin, except for some signed by Mikhail Kazakov and some that are unsigned. Most letters are mimeographed.

Speeches, writings, views

This series consists of documents that were written by P. V. Verigin himself or by other individuals relating his views and ideas. These documents include transcripts of speeches and interviews, petitions, opinion pieces on the Doukhobor community and faith as well as some of the letter-like documents with his opinions on education. It also contains 70 page manuscript in a notebook by F. I. Wishloff recording P.V. Verign’s speeches. All documents in Russian, except for a few documents supplied with English translation.

Photographs

This series contains black and white photographs from various periods of P. V. Verigin’s life starting from around 1895 until his death and funeral in 1924. This series also contains photos of Verigin’s tomb in or after 1925. In specific, this series contains photographs of Verigin’s with his family, with close friends and with the Doukhobor communities in Verigin, Saskatchewan and in Brilliant, British Columbia during various events. There are photographs of Verigin demonstrating farming machinery, racing carriages, posing with community in the villages, as well as many photos from Verigin’s funeral and community visits to his tomb. One fine larger photograph, shows Verigin directing a steam tractor pulling a plow and harrow on the Prairie. In a letter to Tolstoy in December 1903, Verigin specifically describes buying these machines in the summer of 1903 in time for planting and harvesting at the end of that season. Other important images include 2 postcard size images labeled, “Machinery Sold to Doukhobors at Yorkton With Peter Verigin at X” and “A Doukhobor Outfit Ready to Move” showing the first two steam-driven tractors, with attached combines, to be brought into Yorkton by the Doukhobors, a move which some believe spurred jealousy among other farmers who agitated more strongly against the Doukhobors, and thus led to the calamitous reversals of policy by the Canadian government regarding conditions for Doukhobor settlement.

Writings about P.V. Verigin

This series consist of letters, writings and notes about P. V. Verigin’s life and work by various individuals and organizations, such as CCUB that interacted with him closely. Many of the documents refer to and were written after the death of Verigin in 1924. The file includes articles about Verigin’s return from exile in Siberia by A.V. Efanov and “P. V. Verigin and Molokan” by A. P. Kariakin. Series also includes Anastasia Hoboloff’s account of her dream about P. V. Verigin. Other documents are by I. Konkin, V.S.L., Larion Straukov, Ivan Okunov, S. Vereshagin, I. Tregubov. Some documents do not indicate authors. Documents are mostly in Russian.

Correspondence

This series consists of the Doukhobor community matters correspondence received or send by J. J. Verigin as the Secretary or the Honorary Chair of The Union of Spiritual Communities of Christ (USCC), including letters, telegrams, open letters, declarations and proposals. The majority of the documents are in Russian.

Writings, speeches

This series consists of writings authored or co-authored by J. J. Verigin and his conversations and speeches recorded by others.

Documents about J.J. Verigin

This series consist of documents written about J. J. Verigin in relation to his role as a leader of the USCC and his prominent role within the Doukhobor communities. The documents include: reports, accounts, opinions, statement, speech, biographies, song texts, hansard, newspaper and magazine clippings and articles. Most documents are in English, except one in Russian; all documents are printed.

Family related documents

This series consists of documents created by J. J. Verigin’s close family members, his uncle Peter P. Verigin the Second and his mother Anna Markova, also sister of Peter P. Verigin the Second. The series includes the correspondence of Peter P. Verigin the Second, also known as Yastrebov and annotated map of the Doukhobor settlement drawn by Anna Markova.

Photographs

This series consists of one party hand-colored and 25 black and white photographs of J. J. Verigin and his family taken at various events, such as funeral of Peter P. Verigin, funeral of Evodokia, funeral of Anna Fedorova, J. J. Verigin’s wedding and Jubilee 50th anniversary of Doukhobors in Canada. There are several composite photographs containing images that pre-date the composites in some cases by a couple of decades.

Correspondence

This series consists of correspondence between Efanov and various individuals and organizations that were a part of the Doukhobor community and some from beyond the community. The series contains Efanov’s inbound and outbound letters as well as letters reproduced by him, but written by Stephan Sorokin. Some letters are undated and authorship is not clear. All are handwritten in Russian, except for a few letters in English.

Diaries, journals and writings

This series consists of writing, commentaries, notes, songs texts, diaries and notebooks written by Efanov between 1911 and 1971. The dairies account for the majority of content in this series and provide significant insight to Efanov’s point of view. In addition, this collection of original Doukhobor diaries is the most extensive such collection in existence, as far as is known.
Four of these diaries exist in photocopies at UBC; one (only) of the photocopied diaries is the subject of Julie Rak's Negotiated Memory: Doukhobor Autobiographical Discourse (Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2004). Most diaries are hand-written in notebooks of various sizes, though one group of at least 10 (some appear to be in multiple volumes), are written on toilet paper pads from prison. Most records are handwritten in Russian language, except for a document in English.

Writings, articles by others

This series consists of printed articles, writings, song texts, news articles reproductions, essays, letters, lists of publications, newspapers clippings all written by others and collected by Efanov. The subject matter of these records focuses on Doukhobor issues with the British Columbia government, Doukhobor’s protests, Doukhobor’s ways of life and beliefs and the Sons of Freedom. In some cases, authorship of the documents is unclear, but some of known authors include: I. Sysoev, J.E. Podovinikoff, Russell M. Verigin, Jack Sawatsky and Ray Herbert, G. Khadyin, I. Konkin, S. Sorokin, R. E. Morgan, W. Carson. Most documents are printed in English with a few exception in Russian.

Clippings

This series consists of clippings from various British Columbia newspapers between 1956-1971 depicting matters related to the Doukhobor community and other matters relating to Efanov‘s political interest, such as political cartoons, Winston Churchill and J. F. Kennedy. Many clippings depict marriage announcement of the Doukhobor members or their descendants.

CCUB (Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood)

This series consists of various documents that were created by the Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood (CCUB) and its members and that relate to the operations of the CCUB and to the matters concerning the Doukhobor community from 1898 until 1960, predominantly from 1907 until 1939. The documents relate to the leadership of the organization, administration of office and membership, land and financial matters, relationship with the Canadian government agencies and the Sons of Freedom, beliefs and ideology of the Doukhobors. The CCUB was established by the Doukhobors that settled in Saskatchewan in the early 1900s. Most members of the organization moved to the West Kooteney region of British Columbia between 1907-1912. The organization was led by Peter V. Verigin (Lordly), spiritual leader of the Doukhobors, until his death in 1924. Peter P. Verigin (Chistiakov) took over the leadership of the CCUB in 1927. In the mid 1930s, in efforts to unite all the Doukhobors, Chistiakov created organization known as the Society of Named Doukhobors that was renamed the Union of Spiritual Communities of Christ (USCC) in 1940s. In 1938, the CCUB as an organization was dissolved due to bankruptcy and the Union of Spiritual Communities of Christ (USCC) replaced it.
This series is divided in to four sub-series: 1: Circular letters; 2: Correspondence; 3: Meeting minutes; 4: Documents; 5: Writings; 6: Financial records.

Government documents

This series consists of mainly photocopies of documents created by various government bodies: federal, provincial and local between 1873 and 1987 relating to the Doukhobor communities in Canada. These records also include correspondence, open letters, statements, reports, messages and telegrams send by the Doukhobor communities to the government officials. This series also includes some photocopies of newspaper clippings, articles, chapters of publications, trial proceedings and maps.
Most of these documents are housed in other archives and contain file reference numbers. This collection was created by members of the Doukhobor community during their research of the Doukhobor history and Doukhobor relations with the Canadian governments. The files indicate photocopy requests by Steve Lapshinoff, Makortoff, Chernoff, and Sam Shlakoff. In addition, many of the records relate to the Kootenay Committee on Intergroup Relations (KCIR) and court cases and proceedings that Doukhobor communities were involved in.

Most documents are in English and some in Russian.

This series consists of 4 sub-series: Verigins, Immigration, Land and General documents

USCC (The Union of Spiritual Community of Christ)

This series consists of various documents that were created by Union of Spiritual Community of Christ (USCC) and its members and that relate to the operations of the USCC and to the matters concerning the Doukhobor community from late 1908 until 1999, predominantly 1938-1960s. The USCC emerged in mid 1930s in efforts to unite the Doukhobor community under the name of the Society of Named Doukhobors which was guided Peter P. Verigin (Chistiakov). In 1938, the CCUB was dissolved due to bankruptcy. After the death of Peter P. Verigin in 1939, the leadership of the organization was continued by John J. Verigin, Peter’s grandson. The Society of Named Doukhobors change its name to the USCC in the early 1940s. The records are in Russian and/or English; some are printed and some are handwritten, some have accompanying transcriptions and/or translations; some are original documents and some are photocopies.
This series is divided in to four sub-series: 1: General Documents; 2: War related documents; 3: Financial records; 4: Ephemera and publications; 5: Event records.

Sons of Freedom

This series consists of records mainly created, received and accumulated by members of the Sons of Freedom as well as records created by members of the Doukhobor community and organizations, such as the Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood (CCUB), the Universal Spiritual Community of Christ (USCC) and the Christian Community and Brotherhood of Reformed Doukhobors (CCBRD) that relate to the Sons of Freedom. The records include: correspondence, writings, petitions, statements, messages, declarations, protocols, lists, legal documents, songs texts, essays, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, and publications. The records are in Russian and/or English; some are printed and some are handwritten, some have accompanying transcriptions and/or translations; some are original documents and some are photocopies. This series is divided in to nine sub-series: 1: Correspondence; 2: Writings; 3: Key people; 4: Prison related documents; 5: Land related documents; 6: Arson related documents; 7: General Documents; 8: Publications; and 9: Photographs.

Christian Community and Brotherhood of Reformed Doukhobors (CCBRD)

This series consists of records mainly created, received and accumulated by the members of the Christian Community and Brotherhood of Reformed Doukhobors (CCBRD). The documents in this series relate to operations of the CCBRD and to the matters concerning the Doukhobor community from 1899 until 2011, predominantly from 1950s until 1980s. This series relate also to the relationship between the CCBRD, the Sons of Freedom and the USCC. In 1949, Stephan Sorokin arrived in British Columbia became spiritual leader of the Sons of Freedom replacing John Lebedoff. Under his leadership, the organization formally became the CCBRD in 1956. This series contains documents illustrating administration of the organization, managing community and land, relationships and conflicts between parts of the community, leadership problems, Stephan Sorokin’s leadership, conflicts between Doukhobor community and the government of British Columbia and Canada, interest in immigrating out of Canada, and protests and imprisonment of the Sons of Freedom. The records also contain decisions, manifestos, legal and doctrinal arguments, memberships, land “claims” etc. The records include: administrative documents, forms, applications, individual and organizational correspondence, writings, petitions, statements, messages, declarations, protocols, lists, legal documents, songs texts, essays, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, and publications. The records are in Russian and/or English; some are printed and some are handwritten, some have accompanying transcriptions and/or translations; some are original documents and some are photocopies.

This series is divided in to ten sub-series: 1: Administration; 2: Membership; 3: Key people; 4: Stephan Sorokin correspondence and documents; 5: Sons of Freedom related documents; 6: Land documents; 7: Writings; 8: Publications and clippings; 9: General documents; 10: Photographs.

General Correspondence and Documents

This series consists of original correspondence from Doukhobors in various capacities writing about their experiences with the police or the legal system, other Doukhobors, factions, etc. Mostly dating from late 1940s-1980s. The series includes records relating to the CCUB, the USCC, the CCBRD, the Sons of Freedom, J. J. Verigin, and S. Sorokin. This series contains letters, legal documents, statements, writings, lists, affidavits, reports, song texts and poems, newspaper clippings and other accompanying documents.

The records are in Russian and/or English; some are printed and some are handwritten, some have accompanying transcriptions and/or translations; some are original documents and some are photocopies.

Saskatchewan land settlement

Series comprises primarily government correspondence pertaining to the Doukhobor land settlement in Saskatchewan. Principal correspondents are the Department of the Interior (Ottawa), regional Dominion land offices in Saskatchewan (particularly the Dominion Lands Office in Yorkton, Saskatchewan), individual Doukhobor settlers, and the York Farmers’ Colonization Company Ltd. (headquarters Toronto) which arranged the land settlement of many Doukhobors in Saskatchewan. Items in the series evidence the legal and bureaucratic side of land settlement and reference: specific government acts and regulations; the granting of permission for ‘entry’ to settle land plots; notification of the cancellation of entry for land plots; liens placed against homesteads; individual settlers’ applications for patent on their homesteads following the payment of liens and the fulfillment of additional requirements. The majority of items are dated, handwritten on official letterhead and carry the dated stamp of the receiving office. Letter enclosures such as official forms are included. Series of correspondence pertaining to specific issues or individual settler cases emerge.

All items are in English; some carry fragments of Russian.

Writings

This series consists of the Doukhobor writings in various formats including: journals, dairies, notebooks, manuscripts, addresses to the community, notes, narratives, philosophical writings, song texts, letters, speeches, articles, newspaper clippings, excerpts and other types. These records reveal Doukhobor personal experiences as immigrants, their views on politics, religion and ideology, and their way of life. Some of these accounts are written by identified individual members of the Doukhobor community and many are anonymous.

General photographs

This series consists of photographic black and white, and color images depicting the Doukhobor Community in Russian, Saskatchewan and British Columbia from before 1886 until 1978, but predominantly 1900-1950s. The images portray various individual members of the Doukhobor community, families and groups in their traditional clothing. More often than not the individuals are unidentified. The images of individuals are often form the early decades of the 20th century. The images also depict various community and personal events, such as funerals, concerts, performances and religious rites as well as places, such as villages, towns, factories, etc. Many images consist of vernacular shots taken by participants, family, etc. and some are taken by identified local photographers.
This series includes images of important Doukhobor leaders including: Anastasia Holoboff, Peter P. Verigin (Chistiakov), Peter P. Verigin III (Yasterbov), Anna Markova, Lukeria Kalmykov, Stefan Sorokin, John J. Verigin, and many others.

Some images are in the format of a postcard, some are mounted on boards or contained in their original folding mounts.

Publications and ephemera

This series consists of single issues or clippings of serials, journals, magazines, newspapers, writings, chapters and excepts of books, articles and ephemera relating to the Doukhobor experiences in Russia and Canada. Material in this series are mostly a photocopy of original document and are in English and in Russian. A part of the material in this series was created and collected as supporting source material in the court cases that the Doukhobor community was involved in as well as in the research of the Kootenay Committee on Intergroup Relations (KCIR).

Correspondence

This series consists of the personal and Doukhobor community related correspondence of P. V. Verigin that dates from early 1900s until his death in October of 1924. Besides P. V. Verigin correspondence, part of File 1 is also correspondence by Anastasia Holoboff and Fodosia Verigin that dates from 1900s until 1959. Some letters are handwritten and some are mimeographed. All in Russian, except for a few in English.

Photographs

This series consists of photographs and photocopy of photographs relating to the Sons of Freedom protests, including arson and nude demonstrations. In addition, the file includes two microfiches dated 1983 and 1984 from Selkirk College library with listing of book titles regarding local natural resources.

Correspondence

This series consists of outgoing and incoming correspondence of Tom McGauley with various individuals of Doukhobor community, other researchers into Doukhobor history, and government representatives involved with the Doukhobor community. This file also contains photocopies of Doukhobor correspondence collected as research material. Some of the correspondence includes additional records including notes, chapters, proposals, etc

Publications, clippings

This series consists of single issues various serial publications and newsletters, copy of books chapters, newspaper clippings and leaflets related to the Doukhobors of British Columbia, their conflicts with the government and conflicts within the Doukhobor community. Timeline covered by the series related predominantly to the 1980s and 1990s, but many articles and clippings related to events of the previous decades. This series also includes almost full run of Istina, the Sons of Freedom newsletter published by Mike E. Chernenkoff.

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