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Archival description
Simon Fraser University Special Collections and Rare Books
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Eli A. Popoff sous-fonds

This sous-fonds consists of personal archive of Eli A. Popoff and contains personal, administrative, teaching, and creative records created and collected by Eli A. Popoff during his lifetime as member of the Doukhobor community and the USCC, his work as the editor of Iskra newsletter and his work on the Executive Committee of the USCC. The records in this sous-fond span from 1895 to 2019, but majority of the records cover years from 1950-2014. These records document various Doukhobor cultural and religious practices and events, the work of the USCC committees, conventions, and symposiums, peace related conferences attended by Popoff and other Executive Committee members, organization of various project to promote the Doukhobor culture and traditions, including teaching Doukhobor history at Selkirk College, preparing Sunday School curriculums and compiling and translating Doukhobor hymns and songs and many others writings. The documents include correspondence with individuals and organizations within the Doukhobor community and outside of it as well as writings, publications, ephemera and other related records. . A part of the records consists of correspondence with various Soviet organizations and Russian individuals who were particularly keen to recruit Doukhobors during the Cold War years as well as anti-Vietnam war material, including correspondence regarding conscientious objectors and the rise of the peace movement in Canada and abroad.
This sous-fonds consists of eight main series (some containing sub-series): 1: Writings; 2: Iskra; 3: Teaching records; 4: Songs texts records; 5: USCC records; 6: Correspondence; 7: Publications, clippings, ephemera; 8: Audio-visual records.

Popoff, Eli A.

Popoff's writings

This sub-series consists of the various writings and notes of Eli Popoff relating to the nature of Doukhobor history, religion, beliefs, culture, education, singing and life-style choices. This sub-series includes texts of speeches, some translations and transcriptions of writings by other authors with the commentary by Popoff. Some of these writings were used as resources for the Iskra publication and some are related to the USCC. This sub-series also contains drafts and related material of works written by Popoff: Origin of Doukhobor Life Concept; What is the meaning of Doukkhobor; Recollections of Early Doukhobor Settlement in the Castlegar-Kinnard Area; Tolstoy in the Lives of Two Families; Katya; Origin of the Doukhobor Surnames.

Correspondence

This series consists of the Eli A. Popoff’s personal correspondence and his correspondence as a representative of the USCC which overlap on many occasions. These documents include correspondence with prominent Doukhobors, supporters of the Doukhobor cause in various countries, people interested in Doukhobor history and various organizations and departments of the Federal or Provincial governments. The correspondence is often accompanied by various materials, including writings, brochures, ephemera, promotional material, and clippings.

Publications, clippings, ephemera

This series consists of various published materials such as issues of newspapers, journals, magazines, copy of chapters and articles, clippings, brochures, flyers, booklets, calendars, newsletters, some correspondence and writings relating to the publications. This series also contains events, festivals, choir and other Doukhobor related promotional materials such as posters, flyers and event programs as well as 3 photographs of the choir.

Stephan Sorokin correspondence and documents

This sub-series consists various documents that specifically refer to Stephan Sorokin as individual and/or as a leader of the Doukhobors and the CCBRD, or were written by Sorokin. Most of the documents in this sub-series consists of correspondence and writings. Sorokin's letters were addressed to community or to individuals and were written in BC, Los Angeles and Montevideo. Many documents are focused on Sorokin's involvement in the activities an beliefs of the Sons of Freedom.

Doukhobor collection

  • MsC-121
  • Fonds
  • 1856-2019

Collection comprises photographs, manuscripts, correspondence, ephemera, books and periodical material resulting from and pertaining to the settlement and subsequent history of Doukhobors in Western Canada. Books and periodical items have been catalogued in the SFU Library Catalogue. Digitized images and accompanying descriptions of a portion of the collection are available on the Doukhobor Collection, 1898-1930 website.

General photographs

This series consists of photographic black and white, and color images depicting the Doukhobor Community in Russian, Saskatchewan and British Columbia from before 1886 until 1978, but predominantly 1900-1950s. The images portray various individual members of the Doukhobor community, families and groups in their traditional clothing. More often than not the individuals are unidentified. The images of individuals are often form the early decades of the 20th century. The images also depict various community and personal events, such as funerals, concerts, performances and religious rites as well as places, such as villages, towns, factories, etc. Many images consist of vernacular shots taken by participants, family, etc. and some are taken by identified local photographers.
This series includes images of important Doukhobor leaders including: Anastasia Holoboff, Peter P. Verigin (Chistiakov), Peter P. Verigin III (Yasterbov), Anna Markova, Lukeria Kalmykov, Stefan Sorokin, John J. Verigin, and many others.

Some images are in the format of a postcard, some are mounted on boards or contained in their original folding mounts.

Writings

This sub-series consists of various writings by the Doukhobor individuals or about the Doukhobor community and their beliefs. The documents in this sub-series include: essays, poems, dairies, notebooks, articles, text of songs, speeches, reports, messages, clippings and other writings.

Key people correspondence and documents

This sub-series consists of documents relating to the specific individuals within the Doukhobor community and the CCBRD as well as individuals outside of the Doukhobor community, whose work and activity closely relate to the CCBRD operations, ideology, and legal and financial matters. Considerable amount of record in this subseries is related to Steve Lapshinoff’s activity as executive member of the Christian Community and Brotherhood of the Reformed Doukhobors and Fraternal Council. The records contain his writings and translations, personal and business correspondence, research records, his trial, pardon and traveling records. Many records reflect his relationship with Stefan Sorokin and Ann Sorokin, and Sons of Freedom as well as Lapshinoff’s involvement in the Kootenay Committee on Intergroup Relations and and his effort in recording of the Doukhobor history. This sub-series includes correspondence, writings, notes, statements, reports, commentaries, questionnaires, newspaper clippings, text of songs and other less specific documents.

General documents

This sub-series consists of various documents that relate to the CCBRD operations and organizational agenda as well as to the Doukhobor community beliefs, ideology and history. Some documents in this sub-series focus on particular individuals, other relate to the whole community or specific organizations within the community, such as the USCC, the Sons of Freedom, the CCUB and K.I.C.R. This sub-series includes index of articles written about the Doukhobors between 1920s and 1980s.

Publications and clippings

This sub-series consists of various publications and newspaper clippings that document various matters relating to the Doukhobor community and the organizations within the community such as the CCBRD, the USCC and the Sons of Freedom. Some of the documents relate to the Doukhobor relations with the Canadian government and their attitude toward the Soviet Union. Many publications in this file are created by the CCBRD, its Fraternal Council and some were created by the Investigative Symposium of the CCBRD. These publications contain often ranting, doctrinal, argumentative, historical, and political information and many are authored by Steve Lapshinoff. Some documents are in Russian and some in English. On occasion files contain copies of documents in both languages.

Land documents

This sub-series consists of various documents relating to the Doukhobor owned land in British Columbia and in Saskatchewan, its use, management and development, land disputes with the CCUB, the Sons of Freedom, the USCC and the Canadian government, property taxes and legal matters. Documents in this sub-series include: applications and forms, property tax notices and eviction notices, land titles, land permits and licenses, correspondence, reports, statements, resolutions, legal notices, court proceedings and documents, maps, and clippings. The majority of the documents relate to the time period between 1950s-1980s, but many documents are accompanied by photocopies of earlier land documents from the time of early Doukhobor settlements in British Columbia and Saskatchewan. This file also includes many documents relating to the acquisition, development and use of land referred to as New Settlement Street in Krestova.

Administration

This sub-series consists of various documents that relate to the administration and the day to day operations of the CCBRD as organization representing some members of the Doukhobor community in British Columbia. This sub-series includes: correspondence of the CCBRD; its Fraternal Council; correspondence of the individuals members on behalf of the organizations; correspondence with the Canadian government officials; applications; statements; petitions; open letters; financial records; land related records; press releases; newspaper clippings; photographs; writings of the CCBRD and its members. This sub-series also contains documents relating to the CCBRD relationship with other organizations within the Doukhobor community, such as the Sons of Freedom and the USCC. Many records in this sub-series were kept in confidence by the Fraternal Council and only some of these records were made public as photocopies by the Fraternal Council during the Kootenay Conference in the late 1970s-1980s.

Christian Community and Brotherhood of Reformed Doukhobors (CCBRD)

This series consists of records mainly created, received and accumulated by the members of the Christian Community and Brotherhood of Reformed Doukhobors (CCBRD). The documents in this series relate to operations of the CCBRD and to the matters concerning the Doukhobor community from 1899 until 2011, predominantly from 1950s until 1980s. This series relate also to the relationship between the CCBRD, the Sons of Freedom and the USCC. In 1949, Stephan Sorokin arrived in British Columbia became spiritual leader of the Sons of Freedom replacing John Lebedoff. Under his leadership, the organization formally became the CCBRD in 1956. This series contains documents illustrating administration of the organization, managing community and land, relationships and conflicts between parts of the community, leadership problems, Stephan Sorokin’s leadership, conflicts between Doukhobor community and the government of British Columbia and Canada, interest in immigrating out of Canada, and protests and imprisonment of the Sons of Freedom. The records also contain decisions, manifestos, legal and doctrinal arguments, memberships, land “claims” etc. The records include: administrative documents, forms, applications, individual and organizational correspondence, writings, petitions, statements, messages, declarations, protocols, lists, legal documents, songs texts, essays, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, and publications. The records are in Russian and/or English; some are printed and some are handwritten, some have accompanying transcriptions and/or translations; some are original documents and some are photocopies.

This series is divided in to ten sub-series: 1: Administration; 2: Membership; 3: Key people; 4: Stephan Sorokin correspondence and documents; 5: Sons of Freedom related documents; 6: Land documents; 7: Writings; 8: Publications and clippings; 9: General documents; 10: Photographs.

Clippings

This sub-series consists of photocopy of clippings and articles from newspapers and magazines as well as documents, writings, notes, cartoon drawings, statements that accompanied the clippings.

Publications and ephemera

This series consists of single issues or clippings of serials, journals, magazines, newspapers, writings, chapters and excepts of books, articles and ephemera relating to the Doukhobor experiences in Russia and Canada. Material in this series are mostly a photocopy of original document and are in English and in Russian. A part of the material in this series was created and collected as supporting source material in the court cases that the Doukhobor community was involved in as well as in the research of the Kootenay Committee on Intergroup Relations (KCIR).

Chapters, excerpts and articles

This sub-series consists of photocopy of chapters, articles, clippings and writings collected to support court cases that the Doukhobor community was involved and the research of the KCIR. The material in this sub-series relates to the Doukhobor history and their experiences in Canada, immigration and settlement, Doukhobor religious beliefs and their attitude to peace and avoidance of military service and their connection to the USSR. Most of records are in English and some in Russian.

Ephemera and publications

This sub-series consists of various ephemera and publications created by the Doukhobor community. The sub-series contains: publications, map, essay, flyers, calendars, textbooks, songs books, brochures, cartoon drawings drafts, psalm text in Russian and photographs.

Key people

This sub-series consists of various documents that pertain to the specific individuals within the Doukhobor community that belong to or had relations with the Sons of Freedom group. The documents found in this sub-series include: correspondence, writings, messages, statements, petitions, resolutions, appeals, notebooks, clippings, articles and account of events. This sub-series includes following themes: Doukhobor leadership issues, splits in the Doukhobor community, arson, imprisonments, children education and children’s removal from homes by the government, the Sons of Freedom and the Reformed Doukhobors. Documents are in Russian or English, some are printed and some handwritten.

Doukhobor songs records

This series consists of the correspondence, notebooks, list and texts of Russian and Doukhobor songs, hymns, psalms and poems. These records were created and collected with an aim to compiled "Sbornik" a collection of Doukhobor songs. Some of the correspondence is with potential publishers and printers.

Writings

This series consists of the Doukhobor writings in various formats including: journals, dairies, notebooks, manuscripts, addresses to the community, notes, narratives, philosophical writings, song texts, letters, speeches, articles, newspaper clippings, excerpts and other types. These records reveal Doukhobor personal experiences as immigrants, their views on politics, religion and ideology, and their way of life. Some of these accounts are written by identified individual members of the Doukhobor community and many are anonymous.

Assorted writings

This sub-series consists of assorted writings by various authors that are often unidentified. The records include published and unpublished writings, articles, newspaper clippings, lists, excerpts from publications, manuscripts, philosophical writings, song texts, notes, transcriptions of writings, speeches, declarations and other writings. These records illustrate Doukhobor ideological and religious views and the Doukhobor way of life.

Individual writings

This sub-series consists of writings by individual members of the Doukhobor community. These writings consists of messages to community, articles published and unpublished, manuscript of book, festival speeches, notebooks, narratives, and other assorted writings.

General documents

This sub-series consists of lists, timelines, statements, petitions, reports, correspondence, memos, and newspaper clippings that document various aspects of Doukhobor history in Canada. The matters contained in this sub-series include: arrival of Doukhobors in Canada, relationship between the Doukhobor community, Verigins and the Sons of Freedom, as well as relationship of the Doukhobors with the Soviets and with the Canadian government. This sub-series includes printed, mimeographed and handwritten documents in Russian and/or English. Some are original documents and some are photocopies. In some cases, Russian handwritten document is supplied with a Russian and English version mimeograph.

Correspondence

This sub-series consists of correspondence of the Sons of Freedom as well as correspondence of other Doukhobor organizations, such as the CCUB, the USCC, the CCBRD and individuals of the Doukhobor community that relate to the Sons of Freedom activities and beliefs.

General documents

This sub-series consists of various documents that were created by the USCC and its members and that relate to the operations of the USCC and matters relating to the Doukhobor community from late 1930s until 1984. The documents include: reports, meeting minutes, protocols, petitions, correspondence, legal documents, forms, essays, articles, and clippings.

Financial records

This sub-series consists of documents of financial nature that include: correspondence, reports, statements, receipts, purchase orders, bills of sales, accounting books. These documents were created by the CCUB executive members in branch offices in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Washington State in USA. These sub-series also contains legal documentation that relate to the financial operations of the CCUB and its members. Most of the documents in this sub-series are original mimeographs, some with handwritten notes, as well as there is some handwritten documents. Most documents are in Russian and some are in English.

Documents

This sub-series consists of the various documents created by operations and activities of the CCUB and its executive members. Most of the documents relate to the legal aspects of the CCUB and Doukhobor community in terms of land holdings, loans, crops, population, attitude towards war, etc. Other documents relate to the administration and ideological structures of the CCUB and the community. The documents include: forms, reports, statements, lists, certificates, correspondences, protocols, congress proceedings, legal counsel correspondence, and notices. The following people and subgroups are mentioned: John Obed Smith, P. Kazakoff, N. Khabykin, I. Makhonin, I. Podovinnikoff, P.P. Verigin, W. M. Malakoff, W. Blackmore, P. V. Verigin, M. V. Cazakoff (Kazakoff), S. Vereshchagin, S. Reibin, James Merv, J. P. Trofimenkoff, G. Zbeetnoff, W. Perepolkin, J. Tarry, Sun Life Assurance Company, National Trust Company, Great-West Assurance Company, Named Doukhobor Society of Canada, Youth Union. There is considerable number of original printed forms, mimeographs and manuscript documents, but there are also many photocopies. Documents are both in English and Russian.

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